Biology 1

Ch.17  Classification

 

Aristotle- Greek philosopher who created the first system of classification

 

7 LEVELS OF TAXONOMY

            (each level is a taxon)

Kingdom     (broadest)

Phylum

Class

Order

Family

Genus

Species        (most specific)

 

Scientific name- the genus and species names chosen because it describes the organism or because it honors a scientist.

 

Carolus Linnaeus- came up with binomial nomenclature a system of naming organisms with two names.

 

RULES FOR WRITING SCIENTIFIC NAMES

1.      Written in Italics or under lined

2.      First word of Genus category is always capitalized

3.      Second word is species and always lower case

 

Six Kingdoms  (In order of evolution)

 

Kingdom Archaebacteria

-         Ancient bacteria

-         Inhabit environments similar to early earth’s atmosphere

-         Prokaryotic- no membrane bound organelles

-         Microscopic

 

Kingdom Eubacteria

-         Modern bacteria

-         Most bacteria belong in this kingdom

-         Prokaryotic

-         Microscopic

 

Kingdom Protista

-         Eukaryotic

-         Lack complete organ systems

-         Live in most environments

 

Kingdom Fungi

-         heterotropic

-         consumer (feeds by absorption)

 

Kingdom Plantae

-         autotropic photosynthesis

-         sessile (stationary)

-         have 3 organs – roots stems and leaves

-         have 3 organ systems dermal vascular and ground

 

Kingdom Animalia

-         heterotropic

-         no cell walls

-         multicellular

-         ingest nutrients

-         mobile

-         complex organ systems