Chapter 23 Objectives

 

1. Explain the importance of the fossil record to the study of evolution

2. Describe how fossils form

3. Distinguish between relative dating and absolute dating

4. Explain how isotopes can be used in absolute dating

5. Explain how preadaptation can result in macroevolutionary change

6. Explain how modification of regulatory genes can result in macroevolutionary change

7. Describe the importance of evolutionary trends to macroevolution

8. Explain how continental drift may have played a role in macroevolutionary change

9. Describe how radiation into new adaptive zones could result in macroevolutionary change

10. Explain how mass extinctions could occur and affect evolution of surviving forms

11. Distinguish between systematics and taxonomy

12. Describe the contribution Carolus Linnaeus made to biology

13. Distinguish between a taxon and a category

14. List the major taxonomic categories from the most to least inclusive

15. Explain why it is important when constructing a phylogeny to distinguish between homologous and analogous character traits

16. Distinguish between homologous and analogous structures (define)

17. Describe three techniques used in molecular systematics and explain what information each provides

18. Distinguish between a monophyletic and a polyphyletic group, and explain what is meant by a “natural taxon”

19. Distinguish among the three school of taxonomy:  phenetics, cladistics, and classical evolutionary taxonomy

20. Distinguish between pleisomorphic and apomorphic characters

21. Describe how a new synthesis incorporates both the evolutionists’ and punctuationalists’ views of evolution