32. Identify the following floral structures and describe a function for each:

a. Sepals d. Carpels g. Stigma

b. Petals e. Filament h. Style

c. Stamens f. Anther i. Ovary

33.Describe four commonly recognized evolutionary trends in floral structure f found in various angiosperm lineage.

34. Define fruit and explain how fruits are modified in ways that help disperse seeds

35. diagram the generalized life cycle of an angiosperm, identif which structures are haploid, and explain how it differs from the life cycle of a pine.

36. explain the process of double fertilization and describe the fate of the polyploid nucleus

37. explain why paleobotanists have difficulty peicing together the origin of angiosperms and describe some current theories on how flowering plants may have evolved.

38. explain how an angiosperm seed differs from that of a pine.

39. Explain how animals may have influenced the evolution of terrestrial plants and vice cersa.