1)List the levels of
biological hierarchy from subatomic particles
to macromolecules.
2)Explain how organic polymers
contribute to biological diversity.
3)Describe how covalent
linkages are formed and broken in organic polymers
4)Describe the distinguishing
characteristics of carbohydrates, and explain how they are classified.
5)List four characteristics of
sugar.
6)Identify a glycosidic
linkage and describe how it is formed.
7) Describe the important
biological functions of polysaccharides
8)Distinguish between the glycosidic linkages found in
starch and cellulose, and explain why the difference in biologically important
9)Explain what distinguishes lipids from other major
classes of macromolecules
10) Describe the unique
properties, building block molecules and
biological importance of the three important groups of fat:
fats, phospholipids and steroids
11) Identify an ester linkage and describe how it is
formed
12) Distinguish between saturated and unsaturated
fat, and list
some
unique emergent properties that are a consequence of
these
structural differences
13) Describe the characteristics and distinguish
proteins from
other
major classes of macromolecules, and explain how it is
formed.
14) List and recognize four major components of an
amino acid,
and
explain how amino acids may be grouped according to the
physical and chemical properties of the side chains
15) Identify a peptide bond and explain how it is
formed.
16) Explain what determines protein conformation and
why it is
important
17) Define primary structure and describe how it may
be deduced
in the
laboratory
18) Describe the two types of secondary protein
structure, and
explain
the role of hydrogen bonds in maintaining the
structure.
19) Explain how weak interactions and disulfide
bridges
contribute to tertiary protein structure.
20)
Using collagen and hemoglobin as examples, describe
quaternary protein structure
21) Define denaturation and explain how proteins may
be
denatured
22) Describe the characteristics that distinguish
nucleic acids
from
the other major groups of macromolecules
23) Summarize the functions
of nucleic acids
24) List the major
components of a nucleotide, and describe how
these monomers are linked together to form a nucleic acid
25) Distinguish between a
pyrimidine and a purine
26) List the functions of
nucleotides
27) Briefly describe the
three-dimensional structure of DNA